Plastics For Industrial Use - nuovo libro

PLASTICS FOR INDUSTRIAL USE The quality of the materials used in the manufacture of this book 5 governed by continued postwar shortages. PLASTICS FOR INDUSTRIAL USE An Engineering Hand hook of Materials and Methods JOHN SASSO Associate Kditoi of Product Ettfl Memhcr, tioculij of the VfisYfr. s FIRST EDITION SEVENTH IMPRESSION McGRAW-HILL BOOK COMPANY, INC. NEW YORK AND LONDON 1942 PREFACE A new and important trend is evident in the use of plastics. More and more engineers are investigating and considering them as engineering materials not as alternates but as replacements possessing certain inherent characteristics and advantages that can be capitalized on in new engineering designs. The effect of war and priorities has been to intensify this trend. Materials are no longer available for gadgets they must be used in armament or in essential civilian products. Today plastics are playing a tremendously important part in war equip ment and in necessary products. An engineering approach to plastics involves consideration of material properties and methods of fabrication. Factors affect ing choice must next be considered then design methods and procedures that will result in a satisfactory product. In this text chapters on comparative properties, molding methods, engineering and finishing are followed by chapters on specific materials in which properties and - applications are stressed. Chemistry, except as it affects strength or performance, has not been included because mechanical engineers do not need complex molecular diagrams or chemical information on plastics. Dis cussion has been confined to a limited number of materials which have been found particularly suitable for industrialproducts. The engineering information is as accurate as possible con sidering the peculiar behavior of plastics under varying test conditions. All the data has been secured from manufacturers research and literature tiles. The parts of the text that have previously appeared as articles in Product Engineering, Aviation, Electronics and American Machinist have been revised and brought up to date. The design engineer should use the book as a comparative guide and idea source for new applications. Before specification, tests must be made and the molder and manufacturer consulted, VI PREFACE For specific suggestions, encouragement and guidance, the author acknowledges with sincere thanks the help of George Nordenholt, editor of Product Engineering William T, Cruse, executive vice-president of the Society of the Plastics Industry, their technical committee and many others in that fine organiza tion Clinton Blount and Don Masson of the Bakelite Corpora tion Herbert Spencer of Durez Plastics and Chemicals, Inc. M. H. Bigelow of Plaskon Co. Edmund Greene and D. S. Fredericks of Rohm and Haas Dennis Guthrie of Tennessee-Eastman Corporation J. R. Turnbull of Monsanto Chemical Co. Edward J. Pechin of the E. I. duPont de Nemours Co., Plastics Division W. C. Goggin of Dow Chemical Co, and W. D. Hayion of the General Electric Co. Companies who furnished engineering data and help in check ing the manuscript include American Cyanamid Co., American Machinist, Aviation, Bakelite Corp., Carbide and Carbon Chemical Corp., Catalin Corp., Celanese Celluloid Corp., Conti nental Diamond Fibre Co., Dow Chemical Co., E. I. duPont de Nemours Co., Durez Plastics Chemicals Co., Inc., Durite Plastics, FormicaInsulation Co., General Electric Co., Monsanto Chemical Co., Plaskon Co., Rohm Haas, Synthane Corp., Tennessee-Eastman Corp., Westinghouse Electric Mfg. Co. Without the whole-hearted cooperation of these companies, the preparation of this text would have been impossible. JOHN SASSO. NEW YORK, September, 1942 CONTENTS PAGE PREFACE v CHAPTER I. TYPES AVAILABLE, BASIC COMPOUNDING MATERIALS 1 II. COMPARATIVE PROPERTIES OF PLASTIC MATERIALS 11 III. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF MOLDING AND MOLD DESIGN .... 27 IV, PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN 40 V...